Iron-Deficiency Anemia
2/12/2026 by Cody Hall, M.D.
What is iron-deficiency anemia?
Iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) is a common health condition in children. It happens when the body does not have enough iron to make healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen throughout the body. Without enough iron, children may feel tired and weak. Iron deficiency can also affect brain development, behavior, growth and the immune system. Finding and treating IDA early is very important.
How can I prevent iron-deficiency anemia in my child?
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends starting prevention early in life. Babies who are born full-term and only breastfed should receive iron supplements starting at four months of age until they begin eating foods that contain iron. Babies who drink iron-fortified formula usually get enough iron and do not need extra supplements. Babies born early (preterm infants) have a higher risk of iron deficiency and often need iron supplements earlier, usually in the form of a multivitamin with iron.
For older children who eat solid foods, the AAP recommends offering foods that contain iron. These include iron-fortified cereals, spinach, meats and beans. Toddlers under two years old should not drink too much cow’s milk. Drinking more than 24 ounces a day can prevent the body from absorbing iron properly.
When should my child be tested for IDA?
The AAP recommends that all children be tested for iron-deficiency anemia at around 12 months of age. This is usually done with a simple blood test. Doctors also look at risk factors such as being born early, having limited access to healthy foods or eating a diet low in iron.
How is iron-deficiency anemia treated?
If a child is diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia, treatment usually includes iron supplements taken by mouth. Families also receive advice on improving the child’s diet. Follow-up blood tests are done to make sure the treatment is working.
If you have any questions or concerns about iron-deficiency anemia, talk with your child’s pediatrician or healthcare provider.
Cody Hall, MD is currently a 3rd year pediatric resident at Mayo Clinic, planning to start Pediatric Hematology/Oncology Fellowship at the end of his residency.